Explanation: India-Japan's Joint Vision envisions ten-year priorities across eight strategic sectors.

Explanation: Phumtham Vechaychay became Thailand’s acting Prime Minister in 2025 after Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin faced suspension. Thailand has a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, where leadership changes often occur due to political and judicial interventions.

Explanation: India's first tempered glass manufacturing plant was inaugurated in Noida, Uttar Pradesh. Tempered glass is widely used in smartphones, electronics, and construction. This marks an important step toward reducing import dependency and boosting domestic manufacturing under the "Make in India" initiative.

Explanation: Adi Vani is India's first AI-powered translator designed for tribal languages. It helps preserve endangered dialects and makes communication easier in governance, education, and healthcare for tribal communities. This project supports digital inclusion of tribal groups.

Explanation: IMD forecasted above-average monsoon rainfall in September, estimating around 109% of the long-period average (LPA)

Explanation: Japan has announced a plan to increase its defense spending to 2% of GDP by 2027, doubling from the traditional cap of 1%. This is in response to growing security concerns in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly regarding China and North Korea.

Explanation: Reports show that the United States was the leading contributor to the global emissions surge in early 2025. The increase was linked to industrial activity, transportation, and higher energy consumption, affecting climate commitments under the Paris Agreement.

Explanation: The Dhauliganga Hydroelectric Project is situated in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. It is a run-of-the-river project on the Dhauliganga River, contributing to regional power supply. Uttarakhand’s Himalayan rivers make it a hub for hydropower projects.

Explanation: The Great Salt Lake lies in the state of Utah, USA. It is the largest saltwater lake in the Western Hemisphere, known for its high salinity, unique ecosystem, and role in local climate regulation.

Explanation: The Koya tribe is a major tribal community of central India, mainly inhabiting Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and parts of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. They are traditionally agriculturists and speak the Koya language, which belongs to the Dravidian family.